The history and appearance of Jewish anti-clericalism is relatively understudied, even if this field of research may explain the phenomenon of anti-clericalism outisde of the Catholic Church. In this article attention will be drawn to two varieties of Jewish anti- clericalism, i.e. macro-anti-clericalism and micro-anti-clericalism. In order to show some of the important kinds of Jewish anti-clericalism, internally as well as externally, the article departs from Spinoza's pre-modern anti-clericalism, and anti-clerical discourses in present day Israe