The edited volume 'Buddhism under Capitalism' explores how global capitalism is the predominant mode of economic relations structuring Buddhist institutions and practices. The lingering popularity of the image of the anti-materialistic monk meditating in solitude is sup-planted by more ethnographic representations of how Buddhists are imbricated in daily life and produce economic value. Buddhism as world-abnegating is replaced with Buddhism as practices of everyday merit-making aimed at improving the material conditions to advance the Dharma. Such a view theorizes Buddhist practices within different sociocultural and economic milieus and corrects a Western misconstrual of Buddhism as foremost a mindfulness philosophy.